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Background: There is still a gap of knowledge in the detection and treatment of occupational burnout (OB) because it is not recognized as a disease and there are no standard criteria for its detection. We conducted a qualitative study to: 1-identify the different types of professionals who intervene in OB detection, treatment, prevention or administrative management; 2-describe their respective roles, intervention levels and professional interactions; 3-describe the types of interventions and modalities available; and 4-conceptualize the main models of care currently in use in Switzerland.
Methods: We conducted in-depth semi-structural interviews with Swiss (para-)medical and non-medical professionals that deal with OB. Data were analyzed following the Grounded Theory principles.
Results: A total of 42 professionals were included and interviewed. We identified 20 types of professionals, many of whom have a dual specialty (e.g., general practitioner and occupational physician, or insurance counselor, and psychiatrist). In total, 19 types of interventions and 105 modalities of intervention were described. Three main care models for OB (Support, Extractor, and Systemic) were proposed, based on the categorization of the most cited intervention modalities used by the interviewed professionals.
Conclusion: Based on the preliminary findings of this study, the need for collaboration between medical and non-medical professionals appeared to be the most important requirement to ensure the management and recovery of OB.
Kinder und Jugendliche sind durch die Corona-Pandemie in ihrem Alltag und möglicherweise auch in ihrer langfristigen Entwicklung stark beeinträchtigt. Aktuell ist in der Schweiz eine deutliche Zunahme von psychischen Auffälligkeiten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen und einer damit einhergehenden stärkeren Inanspruchnahme des Gesundheitssystems festzustellen. Studien aus deutschsprachigen Ländern zeigen, dass die Belastung mit psychischen Problemen wie Angst und Depression zugenommen und die Lebensqualität gleichzeitig abgenommen hat.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit sollte untersucht werden, wie sich in einer Versorgungsklinik im Kanton Zürich die Zahl der Jugendlichen, die in der Erwachsenenpsychiatrie behandelt wurden bzw. aus Kapazitätsgründen behandelt werden mussten, während der Pandemie entwickelt hat und ob sich die Behandlung in einer spezialisierten Jugendpsychiatrie hinsichtlich der Rehospitalisierungsraten von einer Behandlung in der Erwachsenenpsychiatrie unterscheidet.
Many factors increasing the risks of developing psychosis have been identified. However, it is not known whether specific factors are linked to specific clinical profiles and outcomes and whether the number of factors affecting the same patient correlates with their clinical profile, outcomes and treatment needs.
The present study aimed to document the prevalence of risk factors and assess their clinical and outcome correlates in the early phases of psychosis. We used data from 269 patients in the prospective cohort of the Treatment and early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP), which offers three years of specialised treatment to young patients with first-episode psychosis. Relationships between risk factors (e.g. family history of schizophrenia or psychiatric illness, personal psychiatric history, migration in adversity, cannabis use, tobacco use, exposure to trauma), clinical presentation and various dimensions of outcome were assessed.
The most common risk factors in this cohort of early psychosis patients were a family history of psychiatric illness (64.0%), a personal history of previous psychiatric disorders (53.6%), tobacco use (44.1%) and cannabis use (39.2%). Although some risk factors (e.g. family history of schizophrenia, personal psychiatric history) had no impact on the outcomes selected, others (e.g. migration in adversity, cannabis use, tobacco use and trauma) were associated with poorer symptomatic and functional outcomes.
Results suggest that factors inducing an increased risk of developing psychosis also affect clinical presentation and outcome. Those risks should, therefore, be assessed at baseline and considered when defining treatment strategies.
Le valproate est une molécule antiépileptique qui est largement utilisée comme stabilisateur de l'humeur dans le traitement des troubles bipolaires, aussi bien pendant la phase aigüe que comme traitement de maintien. Cependant, en raison d'une pharmacocinétique complexe, l'interprétation des concentrations plasmatiques du valproate demeure difficile, point que nous souhaitons éclaircir à l'occasion d'un cas clinique.
